FIBRES AND THEIR SOURCES

Fibre is the basic unit of fabric. Do you know what a fibre looks like? To understand, this take a small amount of cotton and pull out the smallest part from it. Study carefully. These may be long or short strands with a smooth structure that looks like white hair. Actually, these are fibres. A single fibre of cotton is difficult to locate but can be easily recognized in a mass of cotton. Now, consider the structure of wool fibres. You know these are hair of animals like sheep, goat, rabbit, camel etc. Sweaters, socks, gloves, scarves, shawls and coats etc., are made from these hair/fibres. You can check this by opening a thread pulled out from a pure woolen fabric, or knitting wool. What do you see? Similarly, there are many other fibres like - jute,flax, linen,silk,rayon(viscose,acetate),nylon,polyester,acrylic etc.... available to us, which can be used to make cloth. A fibre is a fine hair like strand and is the basic unit of textiles from which we make yarns and then the fabric.

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Determination of English Count of cotton yarn by wrap reel and electric balance.

Introduction: Count: Count is a numerical value which expresses the coarseness or fineness of yarn in length per unit mass or mass per unit length. Two types of count: (a) Indirect system. (English count, Metric count, Worsted count) (b) Direct system. (Tex, Denier, Pound/Spindle) English count: It is the number of hanks of 840 yards for 1 pound of yarn. Yarn count is denoted by ‘N’. Mathematically, Here, N = Yarn count. L = Sample length. l = Unit length. W = Sample weight. W = Unit weight. Unit length = 840 yds. (For English count) Unit weight = 1 lb = 463.6 gm. (For English count) Objectives: (1) To know about the yarn count. (2) To know about the wrap reel machine. (3) To calculate the yarn fineness. (4) To calculate the yarn smoothness. (5) To know about English count. Machine description: In this experiment we use a wrap reel machine and an electric balance. The wrap reel machine is used measure the length of yarn. In this machine there is bobbin ca...

Determination of RH% TTQC Lab by Wet and Dry bulb Hygrometer.

Introduction: Humidity: Humidity is the term used to describe the moisture existing in the atmosphere. Relative Humidity: The amount of water vapor in the air at any given time is usually less than that required to saturate the air. The actual vapor pressure ratio to standard vapor pressure ratio at the same temperature defines as the percentage is called relative humidity. Objectives: (1) To maintain atmospheric condition of testing laboratory. (2) To obtain good efficiency in work place. (3) To know about dry and wet bulb hygrometer. (4) To maintain physical properties of the fiber. Machine description: A hygrometer is an instrument used for measuring the moisture content in the atmosphere. It consists of two bulb called dry bulb and wet bulb. A muslin sleeve is attached with the bottom of wet bulb. There is a place in the bottom of the hygrometer where water box can be attached. One end of the muslin sleeve s attached with the wet bulb and the other end is inse...

Study on Lay out plan of garments manufacturing lab.

Introduction: Layout plan is defined as the arrangement of something plan wise. The layout plan of garment manufacturing lab means planning for the location of all machines. Objectives: (1) To know about the overall idea of a factory. (2) To know about the set-up of machine in a factory. (3) To know about the arrangement of machine in a factory (4) To know about the production sequence of a factory. Notation: (1) Single needle lock stitch machine. (2) 4-thread over lock machine. (3) Chain stitch swing machine. (4) Table. (5) Socks machine. (6) Linking machine. (7) Shuttle loom. (8) Large diameter circular knitting machine (9) V-bed rib machine. (10) Creel stand. (11) Pirn winding machine. (12) Cone winding machine. (13) Crock meter. (14) Straight knife cutting machine. (15) Round knife cutting machine. (16) Fibro block knife cutting machine. (17) Beasley’s balance. (18) Comb sorter. (19) Twist tester. (20) GSM cutter. (21) Wrap reel machine. (22) Lea st...

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